Chloramphenicol

Brand Tver Pharmaceutical Factory

In stock 1246 Items

Available since: 2019-09-19

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Clinical Pharmacology

Levomycetin - a broad-spectrum antibiotic with high antibacterial activity against the causative agent of wound infection and various forms of purulent-inflammatory processes. Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic that disrupts the protein synthesis process in the microbial cell (with good lipophilicity, penetrates the bacterial cell membrane and binds back to the 5OS subunit of bacterial ribosomes, which delayed the movement of amino acids to growing peptide chains, which leads to disruption of protein synthesis). It is active against most strains of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms resistant to penicillin, tetracyclines, sulfanilamides. Promotes cleansing and healing of burn wounds and trophic ulcers, accelerates epithelization.

Indications

Bacterial skin infections caused by susceptible microorganisms, incl. infected burns (superficial and delimited deep), pressure sores, trophic ulcers, wounds, boils.

Composition

Active substance: chloramphenicol.

Excipients: ethyl alcohol 70% to 100 ml.

Chloramphenicol is marketed under different brands and generic names, and comes in different dosage forms:

Brand name	Manufacturer	Country	Dosage form
	Tver Pharmaceutical Factory	Russia	vials
Synthomycin liniment	Nizhpharm	Russia	liniment
Sintomitsin	Dalkhimpharm	Russia	suppositories
Levomycetin alcohol solution			solution
Levomitsetinin drops	Tula pharmaceutical factory	Russia	vials
Levomitsetinin drops	Lecco	Russia	eye drops

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Dosage and Administration

The drug is intended for oral administration. A tablet of chloramphenicol should be swallowed whole, without chewing or crushing, drinking plenty of liquid. Recommended to be taken 30 minutes before meals. Patients who develop nausea on this drug should take the tablet 60 minutes after eating. The drug should be taken at regular intervals. The duration of the course of treatment and the dose is determined by the attending physician individually for each patient. Adults are usually prescribed 250-500 mg of the drug 3-4 times a day. Adults with severe infectious diseases are usually prescribed 500-1000 mg of the drug 3-4 times a day. The use of Levomycetin at a dose of 1000mg 4 times a day is possible only in a hospital with constant monitoring of liver, kidney and blood counts. The maximum daily dose for adults is 4000 mg. Children aged 3 to 8 years are usually prescribed 125 mg of the drug 3-4 times a day. Children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 are usually prescribed 250 mg of Levomycetin 3-4 times a day. The duration of the course of treatment is usually 1-1.5 weeks. With good tolerance of the drug and the absence of side effects from the hematopoietic system, the duration of the course of treatment can be increased to 2 weeks.

adverse effects

Due to its high toxicity, it is not recommended to use it unnecessarily for the treatment and prevention of banal infections, colds, flu, pharyngitis, and bacterial carriers. Severe complications from the hematopoietic system, as a rule, are associated with the use of large doses (more than 4 g / day) for a long time. In the course of treatment, systematic monitoring of the peripheral blood picture is necessary. In the fetus and newborns, the liver is not sufficiently developed to bind chloramphenicol, and the drug can accumulate in a toxic concentration and lead to the development of "gray syndrome", therefore, the drug is prescribed to children in the first months of life only for health reasons. It is prescribed with caution to patients who have previously received treatment with cytostatic drugs or radiation therapy.

Adverse effects

From the digestive tract: dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, irritation of the mucous membrane of the mouth and throat, dysbiosis. From the side of the cardiovascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, reticulocytopenia, hypoglobinemia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia. From the nervous system and sensory organs: psychomotor disorders, depression, impaired consciousness, delirium, optic neuritis, visual and auditory hallucinations, taste disturbances, decreased hearing and visual acuity, headache. Allergic reactions: skin rash, urticaria, angioedema. Others: dermatitis, secondary fungal infection, cardiovascular collapse (in children under 1 year of age). When applied to the skin and conjunctival application: local allergic reactions.