Ciprofloxacin

The dose of Ciprofloxacin depends on the severity of the disease, the type of infection, the condition of the body, the age, weight and kidney function of the patient. Usually recommended doses: Ciprofloxacin in the dosage form of pills 250 mg and 500 mg for oral administration:
When urinary tract infections take the drug Ciprofloxacin 0.125-0.5 g 2 times a day, in more severe cases, up to 0.75 g 2 times a day. The course of treatment is usually 5 to 15 days.
Diseases of the lower respiratory tract of moderate severity - 250 mg, and in more severe cases, 500 mg, 2 times a day;
For the treatment of gonorrhea, a single dose of Ciprofloxacin at a dose of 250-500 mg is recommended;
Gynecological diseases, enteritis and colitis with severe and high temperature, prostatitis, osteomyelitis - 500 mg 2 times a day (for the treatment of banal diarrhea, you can use a dose of 250 mg 2 times a day).
The drug should be taken on an empty stomach, drinking plenty of liquids. Patients with severe impaired renal function should be given a half dose of the drug. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease, but treatment should always continue for at least another two days after the disappearance of the symptoms of the disease. Usually the duration of treatment is 7-10 days.

Adverse reactions

On the part of the digestive system: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, anorexia, cholestatic jaundice (especially in patients with past liver diseases), hepatitis, hepatonecrosis.
CNS and peripheral nervous system: dizziness, headache, fatigue, anxiety, tremor, insomnia, “nightmarish” dreams, peripheral paralgesia (anomaly of pain), sweating, increased intracranial pressure, anxiety, confusion, depression, hallucinations , manifestations of psychotic reactions (sometimes progressing to states in which the patient may harm himself), migraine, syncope, cerebral artery thrombosis.
On the part of the senses: impaired taste and smell, visual impairment (diplopia, change in color perception), tinnitus, hearing loss.
Since the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, lower blood pressure, rush of blood to the skin of the face.
On the part of the hematopoietic system: leukopenia, granulocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, hemolytic anemia.
From the laboratory parameters: hypoprothrombinemia, increased activity of hepatic transaminases and alkaline phosphatase, hypercreatininemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperglycemia.
On the part of the urinary system: hematuria, crystalluria (especially with alkaline urine and low diuresis), glomerulonephritis, dysuria, polyuria, urinary retention, albuminuria, urethral bleeding, hematuria, reduced nitrogen-releasing kidney function, interstitial nephritis.
On the part of the musculoskeletal system: arthralgia, arthritis, tendovaginitis, tendon ruptures, myalgia.
Allergic reactions: itching, hives, blisters, accompanied by bleeding, papules forming scabs, drug fever, petechial hemorrhages (petechiae), swelling of the face or throat, shortness of breath, eosinophilia, increased sensitivity, vasculitis, nodular erythema, exudative erythema multiforme syndrome Stevens-Johnson, toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome).
Others: arthralgia, arthritis, tendovaginitis, tendon ruptures, general weakness, myalgia, superinfection (candidiasis, pseudomembranous colitis), pain and burning at the injection site, phlebitis.

WITHcaution the drug should be prescribed for severe cerebral atherosclerosis, cerebral circulation disorders, mental illness, convulsive syndrome, epilepsy, severe renal and / or hepatic insufficiency, and elderly patients.

Drug interactions

Due to a decrease in the activity of microsomal oxidation processes in hepatocytes, ciprofloxacin increases the concentration and lengthens the half-life of theophylline and other xanthines (eg, caffeine), oral hypoglycemic drugs, indirect anticoagulants, and contributes to a decrease in the prothrombin index.
With simultaneous use with NSAIDs (with the exception of acetylsalicylic acid) increases the risk of seizures.
Metoclopramide accelerates the absorption of ciprofloxacin, which reduces the time to reach the maximum concentration of the latter.
Co-administration of uricosuric drugs leads to a slower elimination (up to 50%) and an increase in the plasma concentration of ciprofloxacin.
When combined with other antimicrobial agents (beta-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycosides, clindamycin, metronidazole), synergism is usually observed. Therefore, Ciprofloxacin can be successfully used in combination with azlocillin and ceftazidime for infections caused by Pseudomonas spp .; with mezlocillin, azlocillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics - for streptococcal infections; with isoxazolpenicillins and vancomycin - for staphylococcal infections; with metronidazole and clindamycin - for anaerobic infections.
Ciprofloxacin enhances the nephrotoxic effect of cyclosporine, an increase in serum creatinine is also noted, so these patients need to be monitored 2 times a week.
When taken simultaneously, Ciprofloxacin enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Special instructions

Overdosage