Famotidine

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Available since: 2019-09-19

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Clinical Pharmacology

Famotidine has an anti-ulcer effect. Blocker H2-histamine receptors III generation. Suppress basal and stimulated histamine, gastrin and acetylcholine hydrochloric acid production. Reduces pepsin activity. Strengthens the protective mechanisms of the gastric mucosa, promotes healing associated with the effects of hydrochloric acid damage (including scarring stress ulcers) and the termination of gastrointestinal bleeding by increasing the formation of gastric mucus, the content of glycoproteins in it, stimulate the secretion of bicarbonate gastric mucosa, endogenous synthesis of prostaglandins in it and regeneration rates. Significantly does not change the level of gastrin in plasma. Weakly inhibits the cytochrome P450 oxidase system in the liver.
After ingestion, the action begins after 1 hour, reaches a maximum within 3 hours. The duration of the drug in a single dose depends on the dose and ranges from 12 to 24 hours.

Pharmacokinetics
After ingestion is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, the maximum concentration in the blood plasma is reached within 1-3.5 hours. Bioavailability - 40-45%, increases when taken with food and decreases while taking antacids. Communication with plasma proteins - 15-20%.
30-35% of famotidine is metabolized in the liver (with the formation of S-oxide). Gets into the cerebrospinal fluid, through the placental barrier, excreted in breast milk.
Elimination mainly occurs through the kidneys: 27-40% of the drug is excreted in the urine unchanged. The half-life is 2.5-4 hours, in patients with creatinine clearance below 30 ml per minute, it increases to 10-12 hours. In patients with severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance below 10 ml / min), the elimination half-life increases to 20 hours.

Indications

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (including prevention of exacerbations);
symptomatic ulcers, erosive and reflux esophagitis;
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Composition

1 tablet contains:

Active ingredient: famotidine 20 mg;

Excipients: corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide, talc, magnesium stearate, croscarmellose sodium;

Shell composition: hypromellose, macrogol 6000, titanium dioxide (E171), talc, iron dye brown oxide.

Famotidine is marketed under different brands and generic names, and comes in different dosage forms:

Brand name	Manufacturer	Country	Dosage form
			pills
Kvamatel	Gedeon Richter	Hungary	pills
Kvamatel	Gedeon Richter	Hungary	vials
Famotidine	Hemofarm	Serbia	pills

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Dosage and Administration

Orally, swallowing whole (without chewing), drinking plenty of water. In case of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer in the acute phase, symptomatic ulcers, erosive gastroduodenitis - usually 20 mg 2 times a day or 40 mg 1 time a day for the night. If necessary, the daily dose may be increased to 80-160 mg. The course of treatment is 4–8 weeks.

For dyspepsia associated with increased secretory function of the stomach, 20 mg 1-2 times a day.

In order to prevent recurrence of peptic ulcer - 20 mg 1 time per day before bedtime.

When reflux esophagitis - 20-40 mg 2 times a day for 6-12 weeks.

With Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, the dose of the drug and the duration of the course of treatment are set individually. The initial dose is usually 20 mg every 6 hours and may be increased to 160 mg every 6 hours.

For the prevention of aspiration of gastric juice with general anesthesia - 40 mg in the evening and / or in the morning before the operation.

In case of renal failure (with creatinine Cl 3 mg / 100 ml), the daily dose of the drug should be reduced to 20 mg.