Losartan

Brand Merck Sharp & Dohme

In stock 880 Items

Available since: 2019-09-19

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Clinical Pharmacology

Cozaar is a specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist (type AT1). Does not suppress kininazu II - an enzyme that destroys bradykinin. Reduces the OPSD, reduces afterload, reduces systemic blood pressure. Reduces pressure in the pulmonary circulation.

Indications

arterial hypertension;
chronic ischemic heart disease, accompanied by symptoms of heart failure (as part of combination therapy with diuretics and cardiac glycosides).

Composition

1 tab. contains losartan potassium 50 mg.

Losartan is marketed under different brands and generic names, and comes in different dosage forms:

Brand name	Manufacturer	Country	Dosage form
Cozaar	Merck Sharp & Dohme	USA	pills
Vasotens	Actavis AO	Switzerland	pills
Losartan	Vertex	Russia	pills
Lozap	Zentiva KS	Czech	pills
Losartan	Canonpharma	Russia	pills
Losartan-richter	Gedeon Richter	Hungary	pills
Losartan-Teva	Teva	Israel	pills
Lorista	Krka dd Novo mesto AO	Slovenia	pills
Blotran	Pharmstandard	Russia	pills
Lozarel	Sandoz	Switzerland	pills
Prezartan	Ipka	India	pills
Lorista	Krka dd Novo mesto AO	Russia	pills

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Dosage and Administration

With hypertension, the average daily dose is 50 mg. The multiplicity of reception - 1 time / day. The maximum hypotensive effect develops 3-6 weeks after the start of the drug. If necessary, the daily dose of the drug can be increased to 100 mg.

Adverse reactions

Cardiovascular: during controlled clinical trials, dizziness was observed more often than with placebo; orthostatic reactions were also observed, depending on the dose of the drug.

From the laboratory indicators: when conducting controlled clinical trials, significant changes in standard laboratory parameters were rarely associated with Cozaar. Hyperkalemia was noted (serum potassium more than 5.5 meq / l) in 1.5% of patients, increased ALT levels.

Allergic reactions: angioedema (including swelling of the face, lips, throat and / or tongue), urticaria.

On the part of the digestive system: diarrhea.

From the side of the central nervous system: migraine.

Dermatological reactions: itching.

Other: renal dysfunction, myalgia.

In most cases, Cozaar is well tolerated, side effects are mild and transient, and do not require discontinuation of the drug. The cumulative incidence of cozar side effects is comparable to placebo.

Contraindications

pregnancy;
hypersensitivity to the drug.

Drug interactions

No clinically significant interaction of Cozaar with other drugs was noted. Hydrochlorothiazide, digoxin, warfarin, cimetidine, phenobarbital, and ketoconazole have been used in pharmacokinetic clinical studies.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Data on the use of Cozaar during pregnancy is not. However, it is known that drugs acting directly on the renin-angiotensin system, when applied in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, can cause a defect of development or even death of a developing fetus. Therefore, in the event of pregnancy, the administration of Kozar should be stopped immediately.

Experimental studies have shown that the drug causes developmental defects and leads to death of the fetus or newborn. It is believed that the mechanism of such exposure is a pharmacologically mediated effect on the renin-angiotensin system. Renal perfusion of the human fetus, depending on the development of the renin-angiotensin system, begins in the second trimester; the risk to the fetus increases if Cozaar is taken in the II or III trimester of pregnancy.

It is not known whether losartan is excreted in breast milk. When applying Cozaar during lactation, a decision should be made either to discontinue breastfeeding or to discontinue treatment with the drug, taking into account its importance to the mother.

Special instructions

In patients with dehydration (for example, receiving treatment with diuretics in high doses), symptomatic hypotension may occur at the beginning of Kozaar treatment. It is necessary to carry out the correction of dehydration before the appointment of Cozaar, or to begin treatment with the use of the drug at a lower dose.

Pharmacological data indicate that the concentration of losartan in the plasma of patients with cirrhosis of the liver increases significantly, so patients with a history of liver disease should use the drug in a lower dose.

Some drugs that affect the renin-angiotensin system may increase blood urea and serum creatinine in patients with bilateral renal stenosis or arterial stenosis of a single kidney. Angiotensin II receptor antagonists can potentially have a similar effect, although such data are currently not available.

Clinical studies did not reveal any differences in the safety and efficacy of Cozaar in elderly patients.

Overdosage

Overdose information is limited.The most likely symptoms of overdose are: marked reduction in blood pressure and tachycardia; bradycardia may occur due to parasympathetic stimulation.
Treatment: symptomatic therapy. Losartan and its active metabolite are not removed from the bloodstream during hemodialysis.