Propofol

Brand Fresenius Kabi

Dosage form

vials

Brand & Manufacturer

Package Size

20 mg/ml, 50 ml

$48.56

Quantity

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Clinical Pharmacology

Propofol - high-speed intravenous anesthetic for introduction into general anesthesia and its maintenance, as well as for sedation of patients during intensive therapy.

According to the general opinion, this anesthetic causes a non-specific effect at the level of lipid membranes. In most patients, general anesthesia occurs in 30-60 seconds.

The duration of anesthesia, depending on the dose and concomitant medications, is from 10 minutes to 1 hour. From anesthesia, the patient awakens quickly and with a clear mind. The ability to open your eyes appears after 10 minutes. Specific sites specific adsorption is not installed.

When using Propofol for induction anesthesia and for its maintenance, there is a decrease in average blood pressure and small changes in heart rate. However, hemodynamic parameters usually remain relatively stable while maintaining general anesthesia and the frequency of adverse hemodynamic changes is low.

Although after the introduction of Propofol, respiratory depression can occur, any effects qualitatively similar to those that occur with the use of other intravenous anesthesia, and are easily controlled in a clinical setting.

Propofol reduces cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure and reduces cerebral metabolism. The decrease in intracranial pressure was significantly in patients with an elevated baseline intracranial pressure.

Indications

Propofol applied:

in adults and children older than 1 month for general intravenous anesthesia, which has a short-term effect;
in adults and children older than 1 month for induction anesthesia and for its maintenance;
in adults and children older than 16 years to ensure sedation, receiving intensive therapy and being on a ventilator;
in adults who are conscious, in order to ensure a sedative effect during surgical and diagnostic procedures.

Composition

1 ml of emulsion contains: propofol 10 mg;
excipients: soybean oil, egg lecithin, glycerin, oleic acid, sodium hydroxide, water for injection

Propofol is marketed under different brands and generic names, and comes in different dosage forms:

Brand name	Manufacturer	Country	Dosage form
Propofol Fresenius	Fresenius Kabi	Germany	vials
Propofol	Fresenius Kabi	Germany	ampoules
Diprivan	AstraZeneca	UK	emulsion
Propofol-Lipuro	B. Brown Medical AG	Germany	emulsion

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Dosage and Administration

IV, the dose is set individually.

General anesthesia for adults.

Introductory anesthesia: Adults — 20–40 mg every 10 seconds until signs of anesthesia appear. Patients aged up to 55 years usually need from 1.5 to 2.5 mg / kg, over 55 years old and patients of classes III and IV for ASA, especially with heart failure — the dose should be reduced to 1 mg / kg and the rate of administration should be reduced ( 20 mg every 10 s). Children over 3 years old - slowly until clinical signs of anesthesia appear. The dose is adjusted in accordance with the age and (or) body weight of the child. Children over 8 years old are likely to take 2.5 mg / kg. Older children may require a higher dose. A lower dose is recommended for grade III and IV children with ASA. Not recommended for use in children under 3 years.

Maintenance of anesthesia: for adults - in the form of continuous infusion or repeated bolus injections. With prolonged infusion, the dose is usually in the range of 6–12 mg / kg.

Elderly patients, patients with severe general condition, patients of grades III and IV of the ASA and patients with hypovolemia reduce the dose to a minimum of 4 mg / kg / h. Bolusno enter from 25 to 50 mg of the drug.

Children over 3 years old - as a permanent infusion or bolus injections, usually satisfactory anesthesia is provided at a rate of 9–15 mg / kg / h.

Achievement of sedation: during intensive therapy, prolonged infusion at a rate of 0.3–0.4 mg / kg / h is recommended for patients on artificial respiration; in diagnostic and surgical procedures, depending on the clinical picture, usually 0.5–1 mg for 1–5 minutes to achieve the effect and 1.5–4.5 mg / kg / h to maintain. For fast achievement of deep sedation - bolus 10–20 mg.

Do not use in children under 16 years of age during surgical and diagnostic procedures to achieve a sedative effect.

Do not use the drug during pregnancy and during breastfeeding, as well as an anesthetic in obstetrics.

It should not be mixed with other injection solutions, except for 5% glucose solution, lidocaine solution for injection, fentanyl solution for injection.

Adverse reactions

Seldom:

convulsions
opisthotonus,
pulmonary edema.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to one of the components of the drug, children up to 1 month.

Propofol contraindicated for sedation of patients under the age of 16 years during intensive therapy.

Drug interactions

Compatible with drugs for spinal and epidural anesthesia, with drugs used during sedation, with muscle relaxants and analgesics.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.

Special instructions

In cases where there is a likelihood of side effects associated with the activation of the vagus nerve, it is advisable before the introduction of anesthesia IV the introduction of anticholinergic. Should not be used in obstetric practice.

The risk of pain along the vein can be significantly reduced when conducting infusions through veins of large diameter or with the simultaneous introduction of a solution of lidocaine.

The injection can be done only by specially trained personnel, with the possibility of the immediate use of mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy, resuscitation measures in full.