Xylometazoline

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Available since: 2019-09-19

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Clinical Pharmacology

Clinico-pharmacological group: Vasoconstrictor drug for local use in ENT practice

Pharmaco-therapeutic group: Anti-conductive agent - vasoconstrictor (alpha adrenergic)

pharmachologic effect

Alpha adrenergic for local application in an ENT-practice.

When applied topically, xylometazoline causes a narrowing of the arterioles, leading to a decrease in hyperemia and swelling of the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx and a decrease in secretion. Distinct local action of the drug is detected within a few minutes and lasts for several hours (up to 6-8 hours), manifesting itself in the restoration of the patency of the nasal passages, the openings of the sinuses and the Eustachian tubes. Restoration of air flow in the nasopharynx improves the patient's well-being and reduces the risk of possible complications caused by the stagnation of mucous secretions.

Pharmacokinetics

With topical administration, xylometazoline is practically not absorbed, so plasma concentrations are very low (not analytically determined).

Indications

Rinonorm is used as a symptomatic therapy for the following diseases and conditions:

- acute viral or bacterial rhinitis;

- acute allergic rhinitis;

- acute sinusitis or exacerbation of chronic sinusitis;

- acute otitis media (to reduce swelling of the mucous membrane of the Eustachian tube);

- preparing the patient for diagnostic procedures in the nasal passages.

Composition

1 ml
xylometazoline hydrochloride	1 mg

Excipients: citric acid monohydrate, sodium citrate dihydrate, glycerol 85%, water d / u.

Xylometazoline is marketed under different brands and generic names, and comes in different dosage forms:

Brand name	Manufacturer	Country	Dosage form
			spray
Dlyanos	Novartis	Switzerland	spray
Renomaris	Jadran-Galensky Laboratories ao	Croatia	spray
Xylometazolin-SOLOpharm	Grotex Ltd	Russia	spray
Xylometazolin-SOLOpharm	Grotex Ltd	Russia	drops
Xymelin	Takeda GmbH	Japan	drops
Renorus	Synthesis AKOMP	Russia	spray
Golden star Noz	Danafa Pharmaceutical Joint	Vietnam	drops
Sanorin-xylo	Merkle GmbH	Germany	drops
Rhinostop	Pharmstandard	Russia	spray
Eucazolin Aqua	Farmak	Ukraine	spray
Xylen	Veropharm	Russia	spray
Xylometazoline	Vips Med Firm	Russia	spray
Renorus	Synthesis AKOMP	Russia	drops
Golden star Noz	Danafa Pharmaceutical Joint	Vietnam	spray
Rhinostop	Lecco	Russia	drops
Otrivin	Novartis	Switzerland	spray
Xymelin	Takeda GmbH	Japan	spray
Snoop	Ursapharm Artsnaymittel	Germany	spray
Xylen	Veropharm	Russia	drops
Dlyanos	Novartis	Switzerland	drops
Galazolin	Polfa	Poland	drops

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Dosage and Administration

Adults and children over 6 years old 2-3 drops of 0.1% solution are instilled into each nasal passage 3-4 times a day.

Children from 2 to 6 years Instill a 0.05% solution of 1-2 drops in each nasal passage - 1-2 times a day. Do not use more than 3 times a day.

Duration of treatment - no more than 3-5 days (without a break).

Before using the drug, unscrew the cap of the bottle and instill into the nose by gently pressing the bottom of the bottle.

Adverse reactions

Local reactions:with frequent and / or long-term use - irritation and / or dryness of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, burning, paresthesia, sneezing, hypersecretion; rarely - swelling of the nasal mucosa.

Systemic reactions: vomiting, headache, palpitations, increased blood pressure, insomnia, blurred vision, depression (with prolonged use of high doses).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to xylometazoline, arterial hypertension, tachycardia, marked atherosclerosis, glaucoma, atrophic rhinitis, hyperthyroidism, surgical interventions on the meninges (in history), pregnancy, child age (up to 6 years for 0.1% solution and for 0.05% solution - to 2 years).
Do not use in the treatment of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants.

Carefully: diabetes mellitus, lactation, ischemic heart disease, angina III-IV functional class, prostatic hyperplasia.

Drug interactions

It is possible to enhance the systemic action with the simultaneous use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO) and tricyclic antidepressants.

Pregnancy and Lactation

During pregnancy and lactation, the drug should be used only after a careful assessment of the ratio of benefits for the mother and the risk to the fetus and child, with caution, it is not allowed to exceed the recommended doses.